Identifying Gerund and Participle | Grammar Material for Grade 8 | Members Only

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Lesson Objectives

Sudents will develop the skills to identify gerund and participle.

Rules of Gerund and Participle

Rule 1:

A gerund can be replaced by it.

• Walking is good for health. → It is good for health.
• She enjoys reading. → She enjoys it.

Rule 2:

A gerund can appear between an article and a preposition.

• The writing of Christopher Marlowe is mind-blowing.
• The bowling of Glenn McGrath is highly appreciated.

Rule 3:

If the Bangla meaning of the -ing word and the noun follow the same order, it is a participle. For example, the phrases rolling stone, running bus, and sleeping dog are participles because in Bangla their meanings are expressed in the same sequence as in English.

On the other hand, if the Bangla meaning of the -ing word and the noun do not follow the same order, it is a gerund. For example, the phrases catching fish, speaking truth, and riding a motorbike are gerunds because in Bangla their meanings are not expressed in the same sequence as in English.

Rule 4:

When the structure is Subject + Verb + Person + V-ing, the -ing form is a participle.

• I found her dancing.
• I saw him writing in his room.

Rule 5:

If a sentence begins with an -ing phrase followed by a clause that starts with a subject, the -ing word is a participle.

• Finishing the work, she went home. (Here, Finishing is a participle.)

Exercises on Gerund and Participle

Task 1 – Identify: Decide whether the -ing word is a gerund or a participle.

• The crying baby needs attention.
• Swimming is my favorite hobby.
• We saw the boys playing football.
• Reading improves your vocabulary.
• The falling leaves look beautiful in autumn.

Task 2 – Fill in the blanks: Use the correct -ing form (gerund/participle).

• __________ (Swim) in the river is dangerous here.
• I saw her __________ (dance) at the party.
• The __________ (run) train was late.
• He enjoys __________ (paint) in his free time.
• __________ (Finish) the homework, he went to bed.

Task 3 – Transformation: Replace the gerund with it where possible.

• Playing cricket is fun. → __________
• She likes singing. → __________
• Reading books calms my mind. → __________

Task 4 – Sentence Making: Write your own sentences using:

• A gerund as the subject.
• A gerund after a preposition.
• A participle before a noun.
• A participle in the structure Subject + Verb + Person + V-ing.
• A participle phrase at the beginning of the sentence.

Task 5 – Mixed Practice: Underline the gerunds and circle the participles.

• The barking dog scared the children.
• He kept talking during the lecture.
• Walking in the morning is refreshing.
• The shining stars brightened the night sky.
• She enjoys cooking Italian food.

Answers

Task 1 – Identify:

• The crying baby needs attention. → Participle
• Swimming is my favorite hobby. → Gerund
• We saw the boys playing football. → Participle
• Reading improves your vocabulary. → Gerund
• The falling leaves look beautiful in autumn. → Participle

Task 2 – Fill in the blanks:

• Swimming in the river is dangerous here. → Gerund
• I saw her dancing at the party. → Participle
• The running train was late. → Participle
• He enjoys painting in his free time. → Gerund
• Finishing the homework, he went to bed. → Participle

Task 3 – Transformation:

• Playing cricket is fun. → It is fun.
• She likes singing. → She likes it.
• Reading books calms my mind. → It calms my mind.

Task 4 – Sentence Making (Sample answers):

• Gerund as subject: Reading helps us learn.
• Gerund after preposition: She is fond of dancing.
• Participle before a noun: The shining sun warmed the earth.
• Participle in Subject + Verb + Person + V-ing: I heard him singing.
• Participle phrase at beginning: Walking down the street, he met an old friend.

Task 5 – Mixed Practice:

• The barking dog (Participle) scared the children.
• He kept talking (Gerund) during the lecture.
• Walking (Gerund) in the morning is refreshing.
• The shining stars (Participle) brightened the night sky.
• She enjoys cooking (Gerund) Italian food.

📖 Key Features

• 📌 Format: Reading Text with High Quality Graphics
• 📌Content: Identifying Gerund and Participle (Page 111)
• 📌 Exercise: Multiple Choice Questions, Fill-in-the-Blanks
• 📌 Ideal for: IT-Assisted Classrooms
• 📌 Perfect for: Presentation Purposes and Personal Learning too

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