Universal Technique to Argue on Social Issues— IELTS (5× Example Sets) | Toulmin Method for Argumentative Writing | Members Only

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Lesson Objectives

Lesson Objectives

The lesson objective is to enable students to analyze and construct well-reasoned arguments on social issues using the Toulmin Method.

Use this structured table to analyze Social Issues through the Toulmin Method: Claim → Grounds → Warrant → Backing → Counterclaim → Rebuttal → Conclusion.

Toulmin Method: Claim, Grounds, Warrant, Backing, Counterclaim, Rebuttal, Conclusion

Explore real-world problems with logical reasoning

Develop balanced views on controversial issues

Apply in essays, debates, and research writing

Step	Focus Area	What to Include	Example (Issue: Homelessness)	Example (Issue: Climate Change)	Example (Issue: Gender Equality)
1. Claim	Main argument	Your position on a social issue Concise and persuasive	“Governments must prioritize housing as a human right to reduce homelessness.”	“Climate change is the most urgent global crisis and requires immediate government action.”	“Workplaces must ensure equal pay for men and women to achieve gender justice.”
2. Grounds	Evidence	Facts, data, examples Expert or research studies	“UN data shows millions live without stable housing, leading to health and safety risks.”	“NASA reports that global temperatures have risen faster in the last 50 years than in previous centuries.”	“World Economic Forum data shows women earn 20% less than men for the same work worldwide.”
3. Warrant	Reasoning	Explain why evidence supports claim Underlying principle	“If housing is essential for dignity, then denying it violates basic human rights.”	“Since human survival depends on a stable environment, addressing climate change is non-negotiable.”	“Because equal work deserves equal reward, gender pay gaps are inherently unjust.”
4. Backing	Additional support	Authoritative sources Historical or global examples	“The WHO highlights that homelessness contributes to higher disease and mortality rates.”	“The IPCC emphasizes that unchecked emissions will cause irreversible global damage.”	“UN conventions state gender equality is a foundation for peace and development.”
5. Counterclaim	Opposing view	Address objections Consider alternative opinions	“Critics argue that housing programs are too expensive for taxpayers.”	“Some deny climate change or argue that adaptation is cheaper than prevention.”	“Opponents claim pay differences reflect choices, not discrimination.”
6. Rebuttal	Response to opposition	Refute objections with logic/evidence	“Long-term savings from reducing homelessness outweigh initial costs.”	“Research proves prevention is far cheaper than repairing climate disasters.”	“Studies show pay gaps persist even when controlling for education and experience.”
7. Conclusion	Final statement	Restate claim Show broader importance	“Ensuring housing rights builds healthier, safer, and more productive communities.”	“Fighting climate change safeguards future generations and global stability.”	“Gender equality in pay promotes fairness, growth, and social harmony.”

How to use: Select a social issue and apply each Toulmin step (Claim → Grounds → Warrant → Backing → Counterclaim → Rebuttal → Conclusion) to create a balanced and evidence-based argument.

📖 Key Features

• 📌 Format: Text with High Qquality Graphics
• 📌Content: this text is very helpful for IELTS students, especially for Speaking Part 2 (cue card tasks like "Argue on Social Issues") and also for Writing Tasks where structured description is needed.
• 📌 Ideal for: IT-Assisted Classrooms
• 📌 Perfect for: Presentation Purposes and Personal Learning too

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