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Lesson Objectives
Lesson Objectives
To enable students to analyze Shakespeare’s King Lear as a classical tragedy using Aristotle’s Tragic Framework, focusing on tragic hero, hamartia, peripeteia, anagnorisis, catharsis, and the universal message.
Use this structured table to plan fluent, varied arguments: Claim → Grounds → Warrant → Backing → Counterclaim → Rebuttal → Conclusion.
Use this structured table to analyze Hamlet: Hamartia → Peripeteia → Anagnorisis → Catharsis → Nemesis.
Aristotle Method: Hamartia, Peripeteia, Anagnorisis, Catharsis, Nemesis
Focus on plot, character, theme, and dramatic effect
Mix & match insights across sets for varied analysis
Useful for essays, presentations, and literary discussions
| Step | Focus Area | What to Include | Example Phrases (Set 1) | Example Phrases (Set 2) | Example Phrases (Set 3) | Example Phrases (Set 4) | Example Phrases (Set 5) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Introduction | Context of the play |
|
Set 1 “Shakespeare’s King Lear, written in the early 17th century, is a profound tragedy exploring family, power, and human suffering.” |
Set 2 “Among Shakespeare’s darkest tragedies, King Lear dramatizes the ruin brought by pride, blindness, and betrayal.” |
Set 3 “Set in ancient Britain, King Lear is a tragedy that examines loyalty, justice, and the fragility of human bonds.” |
Set 4 “Shakespeare’s King Lear belongs to the genre of tragedy and reveals how pride and folly lead to downfall.” |
Set 5 “A masterpiece of Shakespearean tragedy, King Lear portrays the decline of a monarch who loses power, sanity, and family.” |
| 2. Tragic Hero | Hero’s stature |
|
Set 1 “Lear begins as a powerful king of Britain, commanding respect and loyalty.” |
Set 2 “Initially, King Lear is portrayed as a revered monarch and father.” |
Set 3 “As the ruling king, Lear embodies authority and dignity at the outset.” |
Set 4 “At first, Lear’s royal status and paternal role make him a figure of majesty and honor.” |
Set 5 “Shakespeare introduces Lear as a sovereign ruler whose greatness heightens the pathos of his fall.” |
| 3. Hamartia (Tragic Flaw) | Fatal weakness |
|
Set 1 “Lear’s hamartia is his pride and rash judgment, leading him to disown Cordelia.” |
Set 2 “His tragic flaw lies in vanity and blindness, mistaking flattery for love.” |
Set 3 “Lear misjudges his daughters, banishing the loyal Cordelia while rewarding deceit.” |
Set 4 “His excessive pride blinds him to truth, sparking the tragedy.” |
Set 5 “The root of Lear’s downfall is his rashness and inability to discern genuine loyalty.” |
| 4. Peripeteia (Reversal) | Turning point |
|
Set 1 “The act of dividing his kingdom marks Lear’s peripeteia, leading to chaos and betrayal.” |
Set 2 “By disinheriting Cordelia, Lear seals his fate and loses true support.” |
Set 3 “Lear’s reversal begins when he gives power to Goneril and Regan, who strip him of dignity.” |
Set 4 “The banishment of Cordelia triggers the tragic unraveling of Lear’s authority.” |
Set 5 “His decision to divide power reverses his fortune from ruler to powerless outcast.” |
| 5. Anagnorisis (Recognition) | Realization |
|
Set 1 “Lear recognizes too late that Cordelia’s silence was true love.” |
Set 2 “In his madness, Lear sees human vulnerability and his own folly.” |
Set 3 “Lear’s anagnorisis comes with his reunion with Cordelia, realizing his tragic error.” |
Set 4 “The broken king admits his blindness and acknowledges truth in suffering.” |
Set 5 “Lear’s painful recognition of Cordelia’s loyalty marks his tragic awakening.” |
| 6. Catharsis | Emotional effect |
|
Set 1 “The audience feels pity for Lear’s downfall and fear of pride’s destructive power.” |
Set 2 “Catharsis arises as viewers grieve Lear’s suffering and reflect on human frailty.” |
Set 3 “The tragedy evokes deep compassion for Lear while warning against rashness.” |
Set 4 “We sympathize with Lear’s agony and fear the dangers of vanity and misjudgment.” |
Set 5 “The play purges emotions of pity and terror, showing the tragic cost of human blindness.” |
| 7. Universal Message | Final lesson |
|
Set 1 “King Lear teaches that pride and folly lead to inevitable destruction.” |
Set 2 “The play conveys the universal message that ignoring truth leads to ruin.” |
Set 3 “Shakespeare warns that blindness to genuine love results in tragedy.” |
Set 4 “The drama reminds us that misjudgment of loyalty can destroy both family and kingdom.” |
Set 5 “Ultimately, King Lear reveals the dangers of pride and the need to value truth and loyalty.” |
📖 Key Features
- 📌 Format: Text with High Qquality Graphics
- 📌Content: this text is very helpful for IELTS students, especially for Speaking Part 2 (cue card tasks like "King Lear as a tragic drama") and also for Writing Tasks where structured description is needed.
- 📌 Ideal for: IT-Assisted Classrooms
- 📌 Perfect for: Presentation Purposes and Personal Learning too
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